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One billionth of a gram.

The two halves of the nasal passages; also, the external and internal openings of the nasal passages.

Vertical dividing wall that separates the two nasal passages or nares.

Delicate, scroll-like, rolled bony structures within the nasal cavity that filter, warm, and humidify inhaled air; also referred to simply as turbinates.

The rear portion of the pharynx, above the soft palate.

Specialized lymphocytes that are important in detecting and eliminating tumor cells and virus-infected cells.

The navicular bone of the horse, also known as the distal sesamoid bone, lies on the palmar aspect of the coffin joint between the second phalanx and third phalanx or pedal bone. It is an important structure in relation to lameness and is involved with a significant disease process called navicular disease. Recently much of the original literature concerning navicular disease has been called into question, particularly the significance of some radiographic changes.

Lameness caused by damage to the navicular bone; one of the most common causes of intermittent forelimb lameness in the horse today.

Separation or peeling of tissue caused by cell death.

Examination of an animal after death; postmortem; autopsy on an animal.

Cell death.

Composed of dead cells.

Causing cell death.

In training, the use of an unpleasant stimulus, such as a whip or bit, if a task is not performed.

Intracellular inclusion bodies sometimes found in brain cells of animals or humans with rabies.

General term for a roundworm.

Newborn.

Acute hemolytic anemia of the newborn caused by ingestion of antibodies in the mare's colostrum and milk that are directed against the neonate's red blood cells; also called hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Disease or group of diseases of foals characterized by progressive neurologic dysfunction.

Uncontrolled, progressive proliferation of cells under conditions that normally should be restrictive of cell growth; formation of a tumor.